BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INTERIOR DESIGNING

Proportion
Proportion refers to the relationship of one part to another or to the whole, or between one object and another. This relationship may be one magnitude, quantity, or degree. It refers to how well those pieces fit together. Proportion in interior design can be the deciding factor in not only the room's visual appeal, but also its functionality.  A great way to create the proper proportions in your space is to consider the room size and ceiling height while planning your room.

Scale

proportion pertains to the relationship between the part of a composition, while scale refers specifically to the size of something, relative to some known standard or recognized constant.

Mechanical scale is the calculation of object's physical size according to the standard system of measurement.

Visual scale refers to the bigness something appears to have when measured against other things around it. For example, a table can appear to be in scale or out of scale within a room, depending on the relative sizes and proportion of the space.

Harmony

Harmony can be defined as consonance or the pleasing agreement of parts or combination of parts in a composition. while balance achieves unity through the careful arrangement of both similar and dissimilar elements, the principle of harmony involves the careful selection of elements that share a common trait or characteristics, such as shape and color.

Rhythm

The design principle of rhythm is based on the repetition of elements in space and time. This repetition not only creates visual unity but also induces a rhythmic continuity of movement. The spacing of the recurring elements, and thus the pace of the visual rhythm, can be varied to create sets and sub-sets and to emphasize certain points in a pattern. The resulting rhythm may be graceful and flowing or crisp and sharp.

Balance

Symmetrical balance 

Symmetrical balance results from the arrangement of identical element, corresponding in shape, size, and relative position, about a common line. it is also known as axial or bilateral symmetry.

Radial balance 

Radial balance results from the arrangement of elements about a center point. The elements can focus inward toward the center, face outward from the center, or simply be placed about a central element.

Asymmetrical balance

Asymmetrical is recognized as the lack of correspondence in size, shape, color or relative position among the element of a composition. Elements that are visually forceful and attract our attention unusual shapes & bright colors. 

Unity & Variety 

To get variety and interest, include dissimilar elements and characteristics. For example, asymmetrical balance produces equilibrium among elements that differ in size, shape, color or texture. Another method for organizing a number of dissimilar elements is simply to arrange them in close proximity to one another.

Emphasis 

The principle of emphasis assumes the coexistence of dominant and subordinate elements in the composition of an interior setting. Point of emphasis can be created by a perceptible contrast in size, shape, color or value.

An element or feature can also be visually emphasized by its strategic position and orientation in a space. It can be centered within the space or serve as the centerpiece of a symmetrical organization. In an asymmetric composition, it can be the termination of a linear sequence or a path of movement.